Africa & Global Power

The Arab Spring was a wave of anti-authoritarian protest and revolts that spanned from the Middle East to North Africa beginning in 2010 and 2011. The Spring began in Tunisia during the Spring Season in response to corruption and economic downturn in Arab countries. From Tunisia, the revolts quickly spread to other countries such as Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria and Bahrain. Rulers were abdicated from their position (Hosni Mubarak of Egypt, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali of Tunisia and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, all in 2011 and Ali Abdullah Saleh of Yemen in 2012). Also, minor uprisings took place in countries like Palestine, Mauritania, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, among others. 'The people want to bring down the regime' is the major slogan of the contenders. The Jasmine Revolution On December 17, 2010, a young Tunisian who sold vegetables from a barrow set himself afire to protest against police harassment. Mohamed Bouazizi died on January 4, 2011, but not before his gesture went viral, spar...

  Introduction The Yom Kippur (Atonement Day)War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was fought from 6 to 25 October 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria. Most of the fighting occurred in the Sinai Peninsula and Golan Heights, territories occupied by Israel in 1967. Some combat also took place in mainland Egypt and northern Israel. Egypt aimed to secure a foothold on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal and use it to negotiate the return of the Sinai Peninsula. Historical Background Israel’s stunning victory in the Six-Day War of 1967 left the Jewish nation in control of territory four times its previous size. Egypt lost the 23,500-square-mile Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip, Jordan lost the West Bank and East Jerusalem, and Syria lost the strategic Golan...

  MIDDLE EAST             The Middle East is a geographical and cultural region located primarily in western Asia, but also in parts of northern Africa and southeastern Europe. Traditionally included within the Middle East are  Arabia ,  Asia Minor ,  Egypt ,  Iran , the  Levant ,  Mesopotamia . The region includes 17  UN -recognized countries and one  British Overseas Territory . Historically, the Middle East is often referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization”, as it home different major world civilization ranging from Akkadian, Babylonian, Mesopotamia, Assyrian, and among others. The region is also the origin point for many of the religions and belief systems which help define modern civilizations today. The region was home to the ancient Kingdom of Israel and thus fostered the Jewish religion. Jesus is believed to have been born in Nazareth, which is located in what is now the north...

  RUSSIA             Russia or the  Russian Federation , is a country spanning  Eastern Europe  and  North Asia . It is the  largest country in the world , and extends across  eleven time zones ; sharing  land borders with fourteen countries . Russia is the  most populous country in Europe  and the  ninth-most populous country in the world . It is a  highly urbanised country , with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants.  Moscow , the  most populous metropolitan area in Europe , is the capital and  largest city of Russia , while  Saint Petersburg  is its second-largest city and  cultural centre . It population stands around 146,028,325 million (including Crimea). And 143,569,029 (excluding Crimea). The official language is Russian and the country this language as its lingua-franca with the international e...