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The African Union’s Agenda 2063: Vision Document or Political Fiction?

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A genda 2063 is Africa’s most ambitious continental plan. It is also largely unknown to the 1.5 billion people it promises to transform. Adopted at the 24th Session of the African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa in January 2015, Agenda 2063 is the AU’s 50-year blueprint for transforming Africa into “the global powerhouse of the future.” [1] Organised around seven aspirations — from a prosperous, integrated continent to one characterised by good governance, peace, and African cultural renaissance — it is, on paper, the most comprehensive development framework Africa has ever produced. The honest question, eleven years after its adoption and thirteen years before its midpoint, is whether Agenda 2063 is translating its ambition into measurable transformation — or whether it is joining the long archive of pan-African declarations that inspired at adoption and gathered dust thereafter. What Agenda 2063 Actually Is Agenda 2063 is operationalised th...
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The New Scramble for Africa: China, Russia, and the West in 2026

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A frica is no longer a passive recipient of foreign interest — it is the arena where 21st-century great power competition is being decided. The original Scramble for Africa, formalised at the 1884 Berlin Conference, took less than two decades to partition an entire continent among European powers. Today’s competition is less cartographic but no less consequential. It is being fought across port concessions, military basing agreements, debt instruments, and diplomatic votes in multilateral institutions. The actors have multiplied. The stakes — for Africa’s sovereignty, development, and strategic autonomy — are higher than they have been in generations. This piece is the first in a 30-day series examining the forces shaping Africa and the world. There is no better place to begin than the question that underlies almost every other: who wants what from Africa, and what are Africans doing about it? China: Infrastructure as Influence China’s engagement with Africa over the past t...
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Reforms in Multilateral Institutions and The Challenges of Maintaining a Rule-Based International Order Amid Geopolitical Shifts

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  1.       Introduction to Multilateral Institutions and the Rule-Based International Order Multilateral Institutions Multilateral institutions are international organizations or frameworks that involve multiple countries working together to address global issues, promote cooperation, and establish norms and rules for international behavior. Examples include the United Nations (UN), World Trade Organization (WTO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and regional organizations like the European Union (EU) or the African Union (AU). These institutions are founded on the principle of “multilateralism”, which emphasizes collective action, shared responsibilities, and adherence to agreed-upon rules to manage global challenges such as security, trade, human rights, and environmental issues. The key features of Multilateral Institutions included collective decision-making, norms and rules, global public goods, institutional structure, am...
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