The Evolution and Impact of the United Nations in Global Governance: Assessing 80 years of Peacekeeping, Sustainable Development, and Human Rights Advocacy
Introduction Since its establishment in 1945, the United Nations (UN) has served as a cornerstone of global governance, navigating the complexities of international relations to foster peace, sustainable development, and human rights. Over the past eight decades, the UN has evolved from a post-World War II institution aimed at preventing global conflict into a multifaceted organization addressing diverse challenges, including peacekeeping, climate change, poverty alleviation, and human rights advocacy. This evolution reflects the UN's adaptability to shifting geopolitical landscapes and emerging global issues, yet it also raises critical questions about its effectiveness, legitimacy, and capacity to address contemporary crises. This article examines the historical development of the UN, focusing on its roles in peacekeeping operations, the advancement of sustainable development goals, and its advocacy for...